ThinkRankNatural Vegetation and Wildlife
Overview
This chapter links climate and soil to forest types and explains the importance of biodiversity conservation in India.
Learning Objectives
- Identify major forest types in India
- Explain how climate shapes vegetation
- Understand threats to wildlife and conservation measures
Key Concepts
Forest Types
India has evergreen forests in high rainfall areas, deciduous forests in moderate rainfall, thorn forests in arid zones, and mountain forests at higher altitudes.
Vegetation Factors
Temperature, rainfall, soil type, and altitude together decide which forest type grows in a region.
Biodiversity
India is home to diverse flora and fauna, with many endemic species.
Wildlife Protection Laws
Laws regulate hunting and trade of species, and create protected zones for conservation.
Human Impact
Deforestation, mining, and urban expansion reduce habitats and threaten wildlife.
Protected Areas
National parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and biosphere reserves aim to protect biodiversity.
Conservation
Conservation requires community participation, sustainable resource use, and legal protection.
Key Terms
Examples
Western Ghats Biodiversity
The Western Ghats are a biodiversity hotspot with many endemic species.
Sundarbans Mangroves
Mangrove forests protect coastal areas and support unique wildlife like the Bengal tiger.
Quick Check
- How does rainfall influence forest type?
- Why is biodiversity conservation important?
- Name two protected areas.