ThinkRankWhat is Democracy? Why Democracy?
Overview
This chapter explains democracy as a system in which rulers are elected by the people and held accountable. It compares democratic and non-democratic systems and shows why democracy is preferred despite its weaknesses.
Learning Objectives
- Define democracy and its key features
- Identify minimum conditions for a democracy
- Evaluate merits and limitations of democracy
Key Concepts
Core Features of Democracy
Democracy requires free and fair elections, rule of law, and political equality so that citizens can choose and change their rulers.
Accountability and Participation
Elected representatives must answer to citizens, and public participation improves decision-making through discussion and debate.
Majority Rule with Minority Rights
Democracy works by majority decision, but it must also protect minority rights to prevent oppression.
Democracy’s Strengths
It protects dignity and allows peaceful change of power while offering scope to correct mistakes.
Democracy and Citizens’ Dignity
Equal voting rights and freedom of expression make citizens feel respected and valued in public life.
Limitations
Democratic decisions can be slow, and inequality may persist even with elections.
Key Terms
Examples
Regular Elections
Citizens periodically elect representatives, ensuring leaders can be replaced peacefully.
Public Debate
Open discussion allows different views to be heard before policies are finalized.
Quick Check
- What makes an election democratic?
- Why is political equality central to democracy?
- Name one limitation of democracy.