ThinkRankElectoral Politics
Overview
This chapter describes how elections work in India, why they are necessary for democracy, and how free and fair elections are ensured.
Learning Objectives
- Understand the election process and role of the EC
- Explain constituencies and representation
- Identify features of free and fair elections
Key Concepts
Universal Adult Franchise
Every adult citizen has the right to vote, ensuring political equality.
Constituencies and Representation
The country is divided into constituencies, each electing a representative.
Voter List and Identification
Accurate voter lists and identity checks ensure that only eligible citizens vote.
Role of Election Commission
The EC ensures elections are conducted fairly, with rules like the model code of conduct.
Election Campaigns
Parties present policies and promises; voters compare options before choosing.
Accountability
Elections allow citizens to reward or punish leaders based on performance.
Key Terms
ConstituencyEVMModel code of conductReserved seatsElection Commission
Examples
Reserved Constituencies
Seats reserved for SC/ST improve representation in legislatures.
Voter List
An updated voter list ensures only eligible citizens vote.
Quick Check
- Why are elections necessary in a democracy?
- What makes elections free and fair?
- Who conducts elections in India?