ThinkRankNationalism in India
Overview
The chapter explains the growth of Indian nationalism under British rule, focusing on Gandhian methods, mass participation, and key movements like Non-Cooperation and Civil Disobedience.
Learning Objectives
- Summarize phases of the national movement
- Explain Gandhi’s methods of struggle
- Recognize diverse participation in nationalism
Key Concepts
Satyagraha and Non-Violence
Gandhi promoted non-violent resistance to challenge unjust laws and mobilize people.
Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh
Repressive laws and the massacre intensified anti-colonial sentiment and united diverse groups.
Non-Cooperation Movement
Boycotts of British goods, schools, and courts aimed to weaken colonial control.
Civil Disobedience and Salt March
The Salt March symbolized defiance against colonial economic policies and inspired nationwide protests.
Mass Participation
Peasants, workers, women, and students joined, expanding nationalism beyond elite politics.
Khilafat and Non-Cooperation
The alliance between Khilafat leaders and Congress widened support and brought religious unity to the movement.
Quit India Movement
Launched in 1942, it demanded an end to colonial rule and triggered widespread protests.
Key Terms
Examples
Boycott of Foreign Goods
Swadeshi campaigns encouraged Indians to reject imported cloth and support local industries.
Dandi March (1930)
Gandhi’s salt law violation became a national symbol of resistance.
Quick Check
- Why was the Salt March significant?
- How did Gandhi mobilize mass support?
- Which groups joined the movement?