ThinkRankFederalism
Overview
The chapter explains how power is divided in a federal system and how India practices federalism through three levels of government.
Learning Objectives
- Describe features of federalism
- Explain Union, State and Concurrent lists
- Understand role of local government
Key Concepts
Division of Powers
The Constitution separates powers between central and state governments to balance unity and diversity.
Three Lists
Union, State, and Concurrent lists define legislative responsibilities.
Local Government
Panchayats and municipalities form the third tier through constitutional amendments.
Judicial Role
The judiciary resolves disputes between levels of government.
Language Policy
Recognition of multiple languages strengthens federal unity.
Decentralization
Local bodies handle everyday services like water, roads, and sanitation more effectively.
Cooperative Federalism
Center and states work together on development programs and disaster response.
Key Terms
Examples
Panchayati Raj
Village councils bring governance closer to citizens.
Supreme Court Disputes
Center-state conflicts are settled through judicial review.
Quick Check
- What is federalism?
- Why was the third tier added?
- Who settles center-state disputes?